Acid ceramidase confers radioresistance to glioblastoma cells

Oncol Rep. 2017 Oct;38(4):1932-1940. doi: 10.3892/or.2017.5855. Epub 2017 Jul 28.

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary, intracranial malignancy of the central nervous system. The standard treatment protocol, which involves surgical resection, and concurrent radiation with adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ), still imparts a grim prognosis. Ultimately, all GBMs exhibit recurrence or progression, developing resistance to standard treatment. This study demonstrates that GBMs acquire resistance to radiation via upregulation of acid ceramidase (ASAH1) and sphingosine‑1-phosphate (Sph-1P). Moreover, inhibition of ASAH1 and Sph-1P, either with humanized monoclonal antibodies, small molecule drugs (i.e. carmofur), or a combination of both, led to suppression of GBM cell growth. These results suggest that ASAH1 and Sph-1P may be excellent targets for the treatment of new GBMs and recurrent GBMs, especially since the latter overexpresses ASAH1.

MeSH terms

  • Acid Ceramidase / biosynthesis
  • Acid Ceramidase / metabolism*
  • Brain Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Brain Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology
  • Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Glioblastoma / enzymology*
  • Glioblastoma / metabolism
  • Glioblastoma / pathology
  • Glioblastoma / radiotherapy*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Lysophospholipids / metabolism
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / enzymology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Radiation Tolerance
  • Sphingosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Sphingosine / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Lysophospholipids
  • sphingosine 1-phosphate
  • ASAH1 protein, human
  • Acid Ceramidase
  • Sphingosine