In-situ synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticles modified electrode for speciation analysis of copper in seawater

Ming Liu; Dawei Pan; Wen Pan; Yun Zhu; Xueping Hu; Haitao Han; Chenchen Wang; Dazhong Shen

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.054

In-situ synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticles modified electrode for speciation analysis of copper in seawater

Talanta. 2017 Nov 1:174:500-506. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.054. Epub 2017 Jun 22.

Authors

Ming Liu¹, Dawei Pan², Wen Pan³, Yun Zhu⁴, Xueping Hu⁴, Haitao Han⁴, Chenchen Wang⁴, Dazhong Shen⁵

Affiliations

¹ College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
² Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. Electronic address: dwpan@yic.ac.cn.
³ Fuzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Fuzhou 350011, PR China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
⁵ College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China. Electronic address: dzshen@sdnu.edu.cn.

PMID: 28738614
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.054

Abstract

In this paper, reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle/Nafion (rGO/AuNP/Nafion) modified electrode was fabricated through in-situ synthesis and used for determination of copper ions in strong salt electrolyte (0.5M NaCl) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). This in-situ synthesis procedure was based on the ion-exchange and electrochemical reduction. The use of rGO provided a larger electrode surface and the presence of more active sites, while electron transfer was accelerated by incorporating AuNPs. Nafion was utilized as a cation exchange polymer in which rGO and AuNPs could be tightly attached to the electrode surface. The physical and electrochemical characterizations of the as-prepared modified electrode were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and cyclic voltammetry. AuNPs with diameter of 5-10nm on rGO decorated in the gold electrode surface were observed. Under the optimal conditions, the rGO/AuNP/Nafion electrode had a linear response to copper ions in the concentrations range from 20nM to 1μM (R² = 0.998), with the lowest detectable concentration of 8nM and the detection limit of 4nM (S/N = 3). Additionally, this electrode was successfully applied to the speciation analysis of copper (free, dissolved and total) in seawater.

Keywords: Copper ions; Gold nanoparticles; In situ synthesis; Reduced graphene oxide; Seawater.