Objective: To investigate the clinical features, treatment strategy and risk factors affecting the prognosis of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) complicated by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of elderly patietns (>60 years) with newly diagnosed NSCLC complicated by COPD at the Geriatric Institution of General Hospital of PLA between January, 2000 and June, 2015. The clinical data collected included history of smoking, pulmonary function test results, initial treatments, TNM stage, chief complaints, comorbidities and laboratory tests. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore the prognostic factors in these patients.
Results: A total of 200 NSCLC patients were reviewed, of which 107 (53.5%) patients had the co-morbidity of COPD as confirmed by spirometry using bronchodilator test. The median survival of the patients with NSCLC complicated by COPD was 45.8 months with 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of 80.4%, 55.4%, 41.0% and 20.0%, respectively. Stratification analysis showed that patients with COPD Gold grades 1 and 2 had a significant longer median overall survival (51.7 and 43.1 months, respectively) than those with grade 3/4 (16.9 months; P=0.020 and 0.043, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that an older age, a higher Gold grade, advanced disease stage (stages III and IV), squamous cell carcinoma, nonsurgical initial treatment, coughing and an elevated serum CEA level were independent risk factors for shorter survival of the patients.
Conclusion: Multiple prognostic factors can affect the outcomes of elderly patients with NSCLC complicated by COPD, and a higher COPD Gold grade that fails to respond to treatment within 3 months is the independent risk factor for survival of the patients.
目的: 探讨老年非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的临床特点、治疗策略及预后，为临床诊治状况提供合理建议。
方法: 回顾性收集2000年1月~2015年6月之间，在解放军总医院老年病区就诊的年龄在60以上，新诊断NSCLC并COPD的患者的临床资料。主要收集的临床数据包括：吸烟习惯，肺功能检测，起始治疗策略，TNM分期，主诉症状，合并疾病和实验室化验等。应用COX比例风险回归模型进行多因素分析。
结果: 回顾性总结200例NSCLC患者，其中107例（53.5%）通过吸入支气管扩张剂并通过肺功能测试，确诊合并COPD，纳入本研究。全组患者中位生存时间45.8月，1、3、5、10年生存率分别为80.4%、55.4%、41.0%、20.0%。分层分析显示COPD Gold分级为1度和2度患者的总生存时间显著长于Gold 3度和4度的患者（Gold 1 vs. 3/4:51.7月vs 16.9月，P=0.020；Gold 2 vs 3/4:43.1月vs 16.9月，P=0.043）。利用Cox比例风险回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析显示，年龄增大，Gold分级越重，治疗3个月内Gold分级未改善，TNM分期越晚（Ⅲ和Ⅳ期），病理类型为鳞癌，起始治疗非手术，以及主诉症状为咳嗽和较高的血清CEA值是影响生存预后的独立危险因子。
结论: 研究发现影响本组老年NSCLC-COPD患者生存预后的因素有很多，其中COPD Gold分级越重，治疗3个月内Gold分级未改善是其中的独立危险因子。