Objective: To estimate the incidence and mortality of stomach cancer in China based on the cancer registration data in 2013, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). Methods: There were 347 cancer registries that submitted stomach cancer incidence and deaths occurred in 2013 to NCCR. After evaluating the data quality, 255 registries' data were accepted for analysis and stratified by areas (urban/rural), sex, and age group. Combined with data on national population in 2013, the nationwide incidence and mortality of stomach cancer were estimated. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi's population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates. Results: Qualified 255 cancer registries covered a total of 226 494 490 populations (111 595 772 in urban and 114 898 718 in rural areas). The percentage of cases morphologically verified and death certificate-only cases were 76.27% and 1.98%, respectively, and the mortality to incidence rate ratio was 0.72. It is estimated that there were 427 000 new cases for stomach cancer nationwide, with a crude incidence rate of 31.38 per 100 000 (42.85 per 100 000 in males, 19.33 per 100 000 in females). The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASR China) and by world standard population (ASR world) were 21.40 per 100 000 and 21.32 per 100 000, respectively, with a cumulative incidence rate (0-74 age years old) of 2.66%. The crude and ASR China incidence rates of stomach cancer in urban areas were 27.80 per 100 000 and 18.48 per 100 000, respectively, whereas those were 35.54 per 100 000 and 24.93 per 100 000 in rural areas. It is estimated that there were 301 000 deaths for stomach cancer nationwide, with a crude mortality rate of 22.13 per 100 000 (29.85 per 100 000 in males, 14.03 per 100 000 in females). The ASR China and ASR world mortality rates were 14.68 per 100 000 and 14.54 per 100 000, respectively, with a cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) of 1.70%. The crude and ASR China mortality rates were 18.94 per 100 000 and 12.20 per 100 000 in urban areas, respectively, whereas those were 25.84 per 100 000 and 17.67 per 100 000 in rural areas. Conclusions: There is still a heavy burden of stomach cancer in China. The burden and patterns of stomach cancer shows different gender and urban-rural differences. Prevention and control strategies should be implemented referring to local status.
目的： 分析全国肿瘤登记中心收集的登记资料，估计2013年全国胃癌的发病和死亡情况。 方法： 对2016年全国肿瘤登记中心347个登记处的2013年肿瘤登记数据进行评估，其中255个肿瘤登记处的数据符合入选标准，按城乡、性别以及年龄分层，结合2013年全国人口数据，估计全国胃癌的发病和死亡情况。中国人口标化率(中标率)采用2000年全国人口普查的标准人口年龄构成，世界人口标化率(世标率)采用Segi′s标准人口年龄构成。 结果： 2013年255个肿瘤登记地区覆盖人口为226 494 490人(城市111 595 772人，农村114 898 718人)。胃癌病理诊断比例为76.27%，只有死亡证明书比例为1.98%，死亡发病比为0.72。估计全国胃癌发病人数约为42.7万例，发病率为31.38 /10万(男性为42.85/10万，女性为19.33/10万)，中标率为21.40/10万，世标率为21.32/10万，累积率(0～74岁)为2.66%。城市地区发病率为27.80/10万，中标发病率为18.48/10万；农村地区发病率为35.54/10万，中标发病率为24.93/10万。估计全国胃癌死亡人数约为30.1万例，死亡率为22.13/10万(男性29.85/10万，女性14.03/10万)，中标死亡率为14.68/10万，世标死亡率为14.54/10万，累积死亡率(0～74岁)为1.70%。城市地区死亡率为18.94/10万，中标死亡率12.20/10万。农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为25.84/10万，中标死亡率为17.67/10万。 结论： 胃癌是威胁我国居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一，其在男性、女性和城乡地区之间存在明显差异，应根据实际情况有重点地开展防治工作。.
Keywords: China; Incidence; Mortality; Stomach neoplasms.