First Insight into a Nationwide Genotypic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Previously Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Benin, West Africa

Dissou Affolabi; N'Dira Sanoussi; Sergio Codo; Fréderic Sogbo; Prudence Wachinou; Faridath Massou; Aderemi Kehinde; Séverin Anagonou

doi:10.1155/2017/3276240

First Insight into a Nationwide Genotypic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Previously Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Benin, West Africa

Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2017:2017:3276240. doi: 10.1155/2017/3276240. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

Authors

Dissou Affolabi^{1

2}, N'Dira Sanoussi², Sergio Codo¹, Fréderic Sogbo¹, Prudence Wachinou¹, Faridath Massou^{1

2}, Aderemi Kehinde^{3

4}, Séverin Anagonou^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Health Sciences, Abomey-Calavi University, Cotonou, Benin.
² National Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria, Cotonou, Benin.
³ Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
⁴ Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Molecular studies on tuberculosis (TB) are rare in low-resource countries like Benin, where data on molecular study on previously treated TB cases is unavailable.

Materials and methods: From January to December 2014, all smear- and culture-positive previously treated pulmonary TB patients from all TB clinics were systematically recruited. Drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping were performed on all isolates.

Results: Of the 100 patients recruited, 71 (71.0%) were relapse cases and 24 (24.0%) were failure cases, while 5 (5.0%) were default cases. Resistance rate to any first-line drug was 40.0%, while 12.0% of strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and no strain was extensively drug-resistant (XDR). A total of 40 distinct spoligotypes were found to be corresponding to a genotypic diversity of 40.0%. ST61 was the most predominant spoligotype with prevalence of 33.0%. In all, 31 single spoligotypes and nine clusters were observed with 2 to 33 strains per cluster giving a clustering rate of 69.0%. Euro-American (Lineage 4) was the most prevalent lineage (74.0%) and Lineage 2 was associated with resistance to streptomycin.

Conclusion: This first insight into genetic diversity of previously treated pulmonary TB patients in Benin showed a relatively high genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.