Objectives: The present study evaluated the effect of an enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-modified porcine-derived collagen matrix (PDCM) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro.
Materials and methods: PDCM (mucoderm®) was prepared to 6 mm (±0.1 mm) diameter discs. PDCM samples were incubated with either EMD, PRF, or control solutions for 100 min at 4 °C before the experiments. Cell-inducing properties of test materials on HUVEC cells were tested with cell proliferation assays (MTT, PrestoBlue®), a cytotoxicity assay (ToxiLight®), a Boyden chamber migration assay, and a cell attachment assay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was performed to determine the surface and the architecture of the modified matrices.
Results: Cell proliferation was elevated in the EMD and PRF groups compared with control (p each ≤0.046). PRF modification increased HUVEC migration ability by 8-fold compared with both control and EMD groups (p each <0.001). Both treatments significantly promoted the cell attachment of HUVEC to PDCM, as assessed by direct cell counts on the matrices (p each <0.001).
Conclusions: HUVEC cell characteristics were overall improved by EMD- and PRF- modified PDCM. Adsorbed bioactive molecules to the PDCM surface may have contributed to a more preferable environment to surrounding cells.
Clinical relevance: The results may give evidence that PDCM modification with EMD or PRF, respectively, might be a useful approach to improve clinical outcomes, to prevent inflammatory reactions and wound-healing disturbances, and to expand the clinical application area of PDCM.
Keywords: Collagen matrix; Dental implantology; Enamel matrix derivative; Periodontology; Platelet-rich fibrin; Tissue regeneration.