QT interval prolongation

J Emerg Med. 1985;3(3):221-5. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(85)90076-9.

Abstract

The QT interval is a function of ventricular repolarization time and is measured from the onset of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave. The length of this interval is inversely related to heart rate. A prolonged QT interval is most often secondary to the use of Type I antidysrhythmic medications (quinidine, procainamide). It is also associated with phenothiazines, organophosphates, hypocalcemia, liquid protein diets and the congenital long QT syndromes. QT prolongation is associated with a variety of ventricular dysrhythmias, most characteristically Torsades des pointes. Treatment consists of correction of the underlying metabolic disorder or discontinuation of the offending medication.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / adverse effects
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / adverse effects
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / etiology*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Electrocardiography
  • Humans
  • Hyperkalemia / diagnosis
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / therapeutic use
  • Long QT Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Long QT Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Long QT Syndrome / etiology*
  • Tachycardia / complications

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives