Treatment for the endocrine resistant breast cancer: Current options and future perspectives

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Sep:172:166-175. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.07.001. Epub 2017 Jul 3.

Abstract

Endocrine resistance remains a challenge and an unmet need for managing hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The mechanisms of endocrine resistance are multifaceted and are likely to evolve over time following various single or combination therapies. The purpose of this review article is to provide general understanding of molecular basis of endocrine resistance of breast cancer and to offer comprehensive review on current treatment options and potential new treatment strategies for endocrine resistant breast cancers. Last but not the least, we discuss current challenges and future directions for management of endocrine resistant breast cancers.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Endocrine resistance; Estrogen receptor; Hormone receptor.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aminopyridines / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Benzamides / therapeutic use
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • ErbB Receptors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Estradiol / analogs & derivatives
  • Estradiol / therapeutic use
  • Everolimus / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Fulvestrant
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy / methods
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy / trends*
  • Morpholines / therapeutic use
  • Piperazines / therapeutic use
  • Pyridines / therapeutic use
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / genetics
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / metabolism
  • Receptors, Estrogen / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Estrogen / genetics
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Aminopyridines
  • Benzamides
  • Morpholines
  • NVP-BKM120
  • Piperazines
  • Pyridines
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • entinostat
  • Fulvestrant
  • Estradiol
  • Everolimus
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • Receptor, ErbB-2
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • palbociclib