We evaluated the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on metabolic/cardiovascular parameters according to weight loss, visceral fat area (VFA), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance index; we also assessed the influence of SG on comorbidities (diabetes/hypertension). At baseline and 10 to 12 months after SG, we assessed anthropometric and biochemical parameters, bioimpedentiometry, ultrasonographic VFA, liver steatosis, flow-mediated dilation, and echocardiography in 110 patients with obesity. We found that 23 (21%) patients had diabetes. Diabetic patients who normalized their glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) level experienced greater total weight loss (TWL), and the probability of normalizing HbA1C levels directly correlated with TWL. Diabetic patients experienced a greater improvement in systolic blood pressure, VFA, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than nondiabetics, while patients with hypertension experienced a greater improvement in VFA, triglycerides, HOMA, and HbA1C than nonhypertensive patients. The most important determinant of glucose control in diabetic patients was weight loss. Patients with diabetes and hypertension experienced a greater improvement in vascular and metabolic status after SG.
Keywords: bariatric surgery; diabetes; endothelial function; hypertension; obesity.