Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a cyclic AMP degrading enzyme in leukocytes. Several decades ago, increased PDE activity was demonstrated in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Currently, several PDE4 inhibitors in both topical and oral formulation have been developed to target the inflammatory cascade of AD. This review shows the pathogenic rationale behind these inhibitors, and discusses multiple PDE4 inhibitors that are under evaluation or in the market. PDE4 inhibitors may be considered as favorable agents in the repertoire of current interventions for AD.
MeSH terms
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Anisoles / chemistry
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / adverse effects
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry*
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Boron Compounds / chemistry
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Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / chemistry
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / metabolism
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Dermatitis, Atopic / drug therapy*
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Humans
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Nitriles / chemistry
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Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / administration & dosage
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Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / chemistry*
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Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / pharmacology*
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Phthalic Acids / chemistry
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Quinazolines / chemistry
Substances
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Anisoles
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Boron Compounds
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Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
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MM 36
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Nitriles
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Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors
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Phthalic Acids
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Quinazolines
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methyl 4-(((3-(6,7-dimethoxy-2-(methylamino)quinazolin-4-yl)phenyl)amino)carbonyl)benzoate
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4
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crisaborole