Keywords: Acute respiratory failure; Akute respiratorische Insuffizienz; Azidose; Hyperkapnie; Hypoxämie; Insuffisance respiratoire aiguë; Intensivstation; Pathophysiologie; Sauerstofftherapie; acidose; acidosis; hypercapnia; hypercapnie; hypoxemia; hypoxémie; intensive care; nicht-invasive Beatmung; non invasive ventilation; oxygen therapy; oxygénothérapie; pathophysiology; physiopathologie; soins intensifs; ventilation non invasive.