Radiation proctopathy represents the feared injury of rectum resulting from radiotherapy to pelvic malignancy. Interstitial fibrosis is the major histopathologic feature of chronic radiation proctopathy, whose symptoms may improve over time without any management. Treatment decisions should be based on the pattern and severity of symptoms and endoscopic findings. Non-surgical interventions are generally used to relieve major symptoms and prevent severe complications. Surgery is reserved for patients with refractory complications. Diverting stoma and restorative resection are suggested for selected patients to promote rehabilitation. Overall management should target on the improvement of patients' long-term quality-of-life.
放射性直肠病指因盆腔恶性肿瘤接受放疗而发生的直肠损伤。慢性放射性直肠病以组织纤维化为特征，整体病程表现出一定的自限性。治疗决策应综合临床症状与内镜表现，尽可能通过非手术治疗缓解主要症状，避免严重并发症的发生。转流性肠造口术及直肠低位前切除术是主要的外科治疗手段，合理应用有助于病程的良性转归。改善患者的长期生活质量是慢性放射性直肠病治疗的最终目标。.
Keywords: Radiation injuries; Radiotherapy; Rectal neoplasms; Treatment.