Higher neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predict prognostic outcomes in patients after non-atrial fibrillation-caused ischemic stroke

Biomed J. 2017 Jun;40(3):154-162. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 May 30.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to determine whether higher neutrophil counts (NC) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were independently predictive of worse in-hospital outcome in patients after acute ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: A retrospective observational study with prospective manner of IS registration. Between April 2012 and August 2014, a total number of 1731 patients with post-IS were consecutively enrolled in the study. Blood samples were drawn upon admission. Primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Secondary endpoint was severe stroke (≥16 NIHSS).

Results: The NC progressively increased from mild (NIHSS ≤ 5) to moderate (NIHSS ≥ 6 < 16) and severe (NIHSS ≥ 16) stroke (p = 0.006). NLR was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (p = 0.002). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that NC (p = 0.001) and NLR (p = 0.002) were independently predictive of higher NIHSS. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that NC was independently associated with severe stroke (p < 0.0001). The best discriminating factor for in-hospital mortality with respect to NLR was ≥3.20 (sensitivity 62.7%, specificity 60.3%, likelihood ratio: 12.2). Patients with NLR ≥3.20 had a 2.55-fold increased risk for in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.49-4.37) compared to patients with NLR <3.20. The best discriminating factor for severe stroke (≥16 NIHSS) with respect to NC was ≥74% (sensitivity 47.1%, specificity 74.0%, likelihood ratio: 29.0). Patients with NC >74% had a 2.54-fold increased risk of severe stroke (OR = 1.82-3.54) compared to patients with NC <74%.

Conclusion: NLR was independently associated with in-hospital mortality and higher NC was independently predictive of severe stroke.

Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke; Discriminating factor; In-hospital mortality; Severe stroke; Tissue plasminogen activator.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnosis*
  • Brain Ischemia / etiology
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Lymphocytes / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neutrophils / pathology*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / diagnosis
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / pathology*