Individual housing-based socioeconomic status predicts risk of accidental falls among adults

Ann Epidemiol. 2017 Jul;27(7):415-420.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.05.019. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Abstract

Purpose: Accidental falls are a major public health concern among people of all ages. Little is known about whether an individual-level housing-based socioeconomic status measure is associated with the risk of accidental falls.

Methods: Among 12,286 Mayo Clinic Biobank participants residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, subjects who experienced accidental falls between the biobank enrollment and September 2014 were identified using ICD-9 codes evaluated at emergency departments. HOUSES (HOUsing-based Index of SocioEconomic Status), a socioeconomic status measure based on individual housing features, was also calculated. Cox regression models were utilized to assess the association of the HOUSES (in quartiles) with accidental fall risk.

Results: Seven hundred eleven (5.8%) participants had at least one emergency room visit due to an accidental fall during the study period. Subjects with higher HOUSES were less likely to experience falls in a dose-response manner (hazard ratio: 0.58; 95% confidence interval: 0.44-0.76 for comparing the highest to the lowest quartile). In addition, the HOUSES was positively associated with better health behaviors, social support, and functional status.

Conclusions: The HOUSES is inversely associated with accidental fall risk requiring emergency care in a dose-response manner. The HOUSES may capture falls-related risk factors through housing features and socioeconomic status-related psychosocial factors.

Keywords: Accidental falls; Epidemiology; HOUSES; Housing; Mayo clinic biobank; Risk; Socioeconomic status.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Accidental Falls / statistics & numerical data*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Housing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • International Classification of Diseases
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minnesota / epidemiology
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Residence Characteristics*
  • Risk Factors
  • Social Class*
  • Social Environment*
  • Socioeconomic Factors