An ever increasing number of drugs directed as epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) bring a new revolution for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy, and many large scales of studies show that only people with EGFR-sensitive mutation can benefit from these drugs. The main method of EGFR mutation detection is to analyze the DNA sequence of EGFR, which can be the lung cancer tissue, pleural fluid tumor cells, circulating tumor cells and peripheral blood free DNA obtained by surgery or puncture, the biggest drawback is that the heterogeneity of EGFR mutation cannot be analyzed. However, with the development of molecular imaging, the development of EGFR-targeted molecular probes based on positron emission computed tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) has made it possible to reveal the EGFR mutations in lung cancer tissues in vivo, and can detect the heterogeneity of EGFR mutations. This article reviews all the results and progress of molecular probes targeting EGFR mutations.
靶向药物表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI）改变了非小细胞肺癌的治疗格局，研究表明只有EGFR敏感突变人群能从中获益。EGFR突变检测的主流方法是针对EGFR的DNA序列进行分析，标本可以是手术或穿刺获取的肺癌组织、胸水肿瘤细胞、循环肿瘤细胞、外周血游离DNA，其最大的缺点是无法分析EGFR突变的异质性。针对EGFR在蛋白质水平进行突变检测分析的技术尚不成熟，但随着分子影像学的发展，基于正电子发射型计算机断层显像（positron emission computed tomography, PET）-计算机断层扫描（computed tomography, CT）的靶向EGFR分子探针的研发，使得在体检测肺癌组织的EGFR突变状态成为了可能，而且可以检测EGFR突变的异质性。本文综述了目前靶向EGFR突变的分子探针的研究结果及进展。.