Pleiotrophin and N-syndecan promote perineural invasion and tumor progression in an orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer

World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jun 7;23(21):3907-3914. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i21.3907.

Abstract

Aim: To detect the expression of pleiotrophin (PTN) and N-syndecan in pancreatic cancer and analyze their association with tumor progression and perineural invasion (PNI).

Methods: An orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer was created by injecting tumor cells subcapsularly in a root region of the pancreas beneath the spleen. Pancreatic cancer tissues were taken from 36 mice that survived for more than 90 d. PTN and N-syndecan proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and analyzed for their correlation with pathological features, PNI, and prognosis.

Results: The expression rates of PTN and N-syndecan proteins were 66.7% and 61.1%, respectively, in cancer tissue. PTN and N-syndecan expression was associated with PNI (P = 0.019 and P = 0.032, respectively). High PTN expression was closely associated with large bloody ascites (P = 0.009), liver metastasis (P = 0.035), and decreased survival time (P = 0.022). N-syndecan expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.025), but not with survival time (P = 0.539).

Conclusion: High PTN and N-syndecan expression was closely associated with metastasis and poor prognosis, suggesting that they may promote tumor progression and PNI in the orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer.

Keywords: N-syndecan; Pancreatic cancer; Perineural invasion; Pleiotrophin.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Pancreas / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Peripheral Nerves / pathology*
  • Prognosis
  • Syndecan-3 / metabolism*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Cytokines
  • SDC3 protein, human
  • Syndecan-3
  • pleiotrophin