Effect of intravenous paracetamol as pre-emptive compared to preventive analgesia in a pediatric dental setting: a prospective randomized study

Abstract

Background: Efficacy of pre-emptive analgesia compared to preventive regimen, managing postoperative pain is still controversial.

Aim: Evaluating the efficacy of intravenous (IV) paracetamol as pre-emptive analgesia compared to preventive post-treatment administration in pediatric dental setting.

Design: In a prospective trial, 60 noncooperative children of ASA I, II aged 3-10 years who underwent dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Pre-emptive group (n = 30) received 15 mg/kg of IV paracetamol before the start of treatment. Preventive group (n = 30) received 15 mg/kg of paracetamol at the end of treatment. Analgesic efficacy was measured by visual analog scale of faces (VASOF), percentage of children received postoperative analgesia.

Results: The VASOF results in the pre-emptive group were significantly lower compared to the preventive group at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h (0.0146, 0.0188, 0.0085, and 0.0001, respectively). Less children in the pre-emptive group received supplemental fentanyl postoperatively compared to the preventive group (27.6%, 58.6%, respectively, P = 0.0170). Time to first rescue dose of fentanyl postoperatively in the pre-emptive group was later than in the preventive group (P = 0.0432).

Conclusions: Administration of IV paracetamol pre-emptively provides lower pain scores, and a decreased percentage of children required pain relief and less amount of postoperative opioids, compared to preventive administration.