One-Year Mortality of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease After Spinal Cord Injury: A 14-Year Population-Based Study

World Neurosurg. 2017 Sep:105:462-469. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.009. Epub 2017 Jun 9.

Abstract

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global public health burden because of its increasing incidence, high risk of progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and poor prognosis. We aimed to investigate the 1-year mortality of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) with CKD and ESRD, and compare it with that of patients with SCI without CKD by reviewing a large Taiwanese population data set.

Methods: In this 14-year retrospective cohort study, the study group (SCI with CKD group, n = 3315) and comparison group (SCI without CKD group, n = 6630) were matched at a 1:2 ratio with propensity score matching by age, sex, comorbidities, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of stay. The 1-year mortality and the relative risks of mortality were calculated. Mortality stratified by age, sex, and comorbidities was also analyzed.

Results: The SCI with CKD group had a significantly shorter survival period (10.13 vs. 10.97 months), higher 1-year mortality (17.65% vs. 8.54%), and higher risk of mortality than did the comparison group (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.25). Furthermore, patients with CKD with ESRD had a 7.71-fold higher risk of mortality than did patients with SCI without CKD for ages <50 years. The presence of comorbidities was a risk factor for mortality among patients with SCI CKD or ESRD in contrast to patients with SCI without CKD.

Conclusions: Patients with SCI with CKD, especially those with ESRD, have a higher risk of mortality than do patients who do not have CKD. Therefore, patients with CKD should have carefully monitoring for the development of 1-year mortality after SCI, especially for ESRD.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; End-stage renal disease; Mortality; Population-based study; Spinal cord injury; Taiwan.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Distribution
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Community Health Planning
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units / statistics & numerical data
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / epidemiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / etiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / complications*
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / epidemiology*
  • Young Adult