On-line gaseous formaldehyde detection by a microfluidic analytical method based on simultaneous uptake and derivatization in a temperature controlled annular flow

Abstract

This paper is focused on the improvement of a microfluidic analytical method for the detection of low airborne formaldehyde concentrations, based on only two distinct steps permitting to reduce the response time and to improve the compactness of the device. First, gaseous formaldehyde is trapped into an acetylacetone solution at 65°C through an annular liquid/gas flow and reacts immediately to form 3,5-Diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine which is then quantified by colorimetry using a liquid core waveguide (LCW). To obtain an annular flow, 3 different hydrophilic silica capillaries of 320, 450 and 530µm ID were tested and the corresponding phase diagrams were obtained in the ranges of liquid and gas flows of 5-35µLmin^-1 and 5-35mLmin^-1 respectively. Finally, the analytical performances were determined using the lowest flow values of 5µLmin^-1 and 5NmLmin^-1, ensuring an annular flow and increasing the microdevice autonomy. If the uptake yield of gaseous formaldehyde into the solution was close to 100%, only the 530µm ID capillary permits to obtain a reaction time long enough for a full conversion of formaldehyde into 3,5-Diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine. With a LCW pathlength of 5cm, the microdevice response was perfectly linear in the range 0-154µgm^-3 with a detection limit of 1.8µgm^-3.

Keywords: Annular flow; Formaldehyde; Indoor air; Microdevice; Microfluidics.