PLK1 Activation in Late G2 Sets Up Commitment to Mitosis

Cell Rep. 2017 Jun 6;19(10):2060-2073. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.031.

Abstract

Commitment to mitosis must be tightly coordinated with DNA replication to preserve genome integrity. While we have previously established that the timely activation of CyclinB1-Cdk1 in late G2 triggers mitotic entry, the upstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is required for entry into mitosis during an unperturbed cell cycle and is rapidly activated shortly before CyclinB1-Cdk1. We determine that Plk1 associates with the Cdc25C1 phosphatase and induces its phosphorylation before mitotic entry. Plk1-dependent Cdc25C1 phosphosites are sufficient to promote mitotic entry, even when Plk1 activity is inhibited. Furthermore, we find that activation of Plk1 during G2 relies on CyclinA2-Cdk activity levels. Our findings thus elucidate a critical role for Plk1 in CyclinB1-Cdk1 activation and mitotic entry and outline how CyclinA2-Cdk, an S-promoting factor, poises cells for commitment to mitosis.

Keywords: Cdc25C; CyclinA2; FRET biosensor; G2 phase; Plk1; mitosis.

MeSH terms

  • CDC2 Protein Kinase / metabolism
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cyclin A2 / metabolism
  • Cyclin B1 / metabolism
  • G2 Phase / physiology*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Mitosis / physiology*
  • Polo-Like Kinase 1
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • CCNA2 protein, human
  • CCNB1 protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cyclin A2
  • Cyclin B1
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase
  • CDK1 protein, human