A biomimetic Au@BSA-DTA nanocomposites-based contrast agent for computed tomography imaging

Abstract

Early detection of cancer is increasingly important for being considered to increase the survival rate in the treatment process. The past decades years have witnessed the great progress in the biological detection application of gold nanoparticles. Herein, we reported a facile one-pot synthesis process to obtain gold nanoparticles (Au@BSA) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a biotemplate following with conjugation of diatrizoic acid (DTA) for a potential X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging contrast agent (Au@BSA-DTA). The as-prepared biomimetic material was characterized systematically by several techniques. It was shown that the prepared biomaterial is colloid stable under the tested range of pH and temperature. The cell cytotoxicity assay, hemolytic assay and cell morphology observation showed that Au@BSA-DTA has good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility at a concentration of Au even up to 80μg/mL. Besides, the biomimetic material Au@BSA-DTA with double radiodense elements of Au and iodine displayed much stronger CT imaging effect compared with the traditional small molecule contrast agents, which paves the potential clinical application in cancer early diagnosis.

Keywords: Biotemplate; CT imaging; Double-enhanced contrast agent; Gold nanoparticles.