In this study, novel technology was developed to convert dolomite phosphate rock (DPR) into slow release P fertilizers. The DPR was powdered to <100 mesh and activated with organic molecules under optimal reaction conditions. As compared to original DPR, available P, estimated by water-soluble P released from the three DPRs activated with three types of organic molecules, increased by 6.86, 3.32, and 7.46 times, respectively. Phosphorus supply from the activated DPRs was greater than that of superphosphates (SP). Use of activated DPRs resulted in a significant increase in plant biomass of maize (Zea mays) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (succeeding crop), as compared to original DPR, and displayed better effectiveness than monoammonium phosphate or SP. The XRD and FTIR analyses showed that activation did not change the crystal structure of DPR, but the interactions between organic molecules and the P-bearing minerals stimulated P release from DPR.
Keywords: activation; agronomic effectiveness; dolomite phosphate rock; plant growth; slow release fertilizers; water-soluble phosphorus.