The complex relationship between self-reported 'personal recovery' and clinical recovery in schizophrenia

Alessandro Rossi; Mario Amore; Silvana Galderisi; Paola Rocca; Alessandro Bertolino; Eugenio Aguglia; Giovanni Amodeo; Antonello Bellomo; Paola Bucci; Antonino Buzzanca; Bernardo Carpiniello; Anna Comparelli; Liliana Dell'Osso; Massimo di Giannantonio; Marina Mancini; Carlo Marchesi; Palmiero Monteleone; Cristiana Montemagni; Lucio Oldani; Rita Roncone; Alberto Siracusano; Paolo Stratta; Elena Tenconi; Annarita Vignapiano; Antonio Vita; Patrizia Zeppegno; Mario Maj; Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.040

The complex relationship between self-reported 'personal recovery' and clinical recovery in schizophrenia

Schizophr Res. 2018 Feb:192:108-112. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.040. Epub 2017 May 9.

Authors

Alessandro Rossi¹, Mario Amore², Silvana Galderisi³, Paola Rocca⁴, Alessandro Bertolino⁵, Eugenio Aguglia⁶, Giovanni Amodeo⁷, Antonello Bellomo⁸, Paola Bucci³, Antonino Buzzanca⁹, Bernardo Carpiniello¹⁰, Anna Comparelli¹¹, Liliana Dell'Osso¹², Massimo di Giannantonio¹³, Marina Mancini⁵, Carlo Marchesi¹⁴, Palmiero Monteleone¹⁵, Cristiana Montemagni⁴, Lucio Oldani¹⁶, Rita Roncone¹⁷, Alberto Siracusano¹⁸, Paolo Stratta¹⁹, Elena Tenconi²⁰, Annarita Vignapiano³, Antonio Vita²¹, Patrizia Zeppegno²², Mario Maj³; Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. Electronic address: alessandro.rossi@cc.univaq.it.
² Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
³ Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania, Naples, Italy.
⁴ Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
⁵ Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
⁶ Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
⁷ Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical Department of Mental Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
⁸ Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
⁹ Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹² Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
¹³ Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
¹⁴ Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
¹⁵ Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chair of Psychiatry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹⁷ Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Psychiatry, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
¹⁹ Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
²⁰ Psychiatric Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
²¹ Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, and Department of Mental Health, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy.
²² Department of Translational Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.

PMID: 28495492
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.040

Abstract

Self-reported 'personal recovery' and clinical recovery in schizophrenia (SRPR and CR, respectively) reflect different perspectives in schizophrenia outcome, not necessarily concordant with each other and usually representing the consumer's or the therapist's point of view. By means of a cluster analysis on SRPR-related variables, we identified three clusters. The first and third cluster included subjects with the best and the poorest clinical outcome respectively. The second cluster was characterized by better insight, higher levels of depression and stigma, lowest self-esteem and personal strength, and highest emotional coping. The first cluster showed positive features of recovery, while the third cluster showed negative features. The second cluster, with the most positive insight, showed a more complex pattern, a somewhat 'paradoxical' mixture of positive and negative personal and clinical features of recovery. The present results suggest the need for a characterization of persons with schizophrenia along SRPR and CR dimensions to design individualized and integrated treatment programs aimed to improve insight and coping strategies, reduce stigma, and shape recovery styles.

Keywords: Clinical recovery; Cluster analysis; Insight; Personal recovery; Recovery styles; Schizophrenia.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Cluster Analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnostic Self Evaluation
Female
Humans
Male
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Recovery of Function*
Schizophrenia* / therapy
Schizophrenic Psychology*
Self Report