Minimal access surgery for mitral valve endocarditis

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2017 Aug 1;25(2):241-245. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivx088.

Abstract

Objectives: Minimal access mitral valve surgery (MVS) has already proved to be feasible and effective with low perioperative mortality and excellent long-term outcomes. However, experience in more complex valve diseases such as infective endocarditis (IE) still remains limited. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate early and long-term results of minimal access MVS for IE.

Methods: Data were entered into a dedicated database. Analysis was performed retrospectively for the 8-year period between January 2007 and April 2015.

Results: During the study period, 35 consecutive patients underwent minimal access MVS for IE at our department. Twenty-four had diagnosis of native MV endocarditis (68.6%) and 11 of mitral prosthesis endocarditis (31.4%).Thirty patients underwent early MVS (85.7%), and 5 patients were operated after the completion of antibiotic treatment (14.3%). Seven patients underwent MV repair (20%), 17 patients underwent MV replacement (48.6%), and 11 patients underwent mitral prosthesis replacement (31.4%). Thirty-day mortality was 11.4% (4 patients). No neurological or vascular complications were reported. One patient underwent reoperation for prosthesis IE relapse after 37 days. Overall actuarial survival rate at 1 and 5 years was 83%; freedom from MV reoperation and/or recurrence of IE at 1 and 5 years was 97%.

Conclusions: Minimally invasive MVS for IE is feasible and associated with good early and long-term results. Preoperative accurate patient selection and transoesophageal echocardiography evaluation is mandatory for surgical planning.

Keywords: Infective endocarditis; Mini-thoracotomy; Valve replacement.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Endocarditis / surgery
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / diagnosis
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / epidemiology
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Valve Diseases / diagnosis
  • Heart Valve Diseases / epidemiology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Mitral Valve*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgery, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Thoracotomy / methods*
  • Time Factors