The influence of breast milk and infant formulae hydrolysates on bacterial adhesion and Caco-2 cells functioning

Ewa Fiedorowicz; Lidia Hanna Markiewicz; Katarzyna Sidor; Dominika Świątecka; Anna Cieślińska; Michał Matysiewicz; Krystyna Piskorz-Ogórek; Edyta Sienkiewicz-Szłapka; Małgorzata Teodorowicz; Aleksander Świątecki; Elżbieta Kostyra

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2016.09.022

The influence of breast milk and infant formulae hydrolysates on bacterial adhesion and Caco-2 cells functioning

Food Res Int. 2016 Nov;89(Pt 1):679-688. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.09.022. Epub 2016 Sep 28.

Affiliations

¹ Departament of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 1A Street, Olsztyn, Poland.
² Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Street, Olsztyn, Poland.
³ Medical University of Białystok, Jana Kilińskiego 1 Street, Białystok, Poland.
⁴ Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
⁵ Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, De Elst 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
⁶ Departament of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 1A Street, Olsztyn, Poland.
⁷ Departament of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 1A Street, Olsztyn, Poland. Electronic address: elzbieta.kostyra@uwm.edu.pl.

PMID: 28460966
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.09.022

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of BCM7 in human milk and infant formulae (IF) before and after eznymatic hydrolysis, and to evaluate the effect of obtained hydrolysates on interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion and on proliferation of enterocytes in the in vitro model (Caco-2 cells). This study evaluates also the effect of hydrolysates on the adhesion of intestinal microbiota isolated from faeces of both healthy (H) and allergic (A) infants. In the study we investigated breast milk delivered by mothers of healthy ('healthy milk'; HM) and allergic ('allergic milk'; AM) infants. Three infant formulae were investigated: from hydrolysed cow casein (IF1), from hydrolysed cow whey (IF2) and from whole cow milk (IF3). Intestinal bacteria: Bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium and Enterococcus were isolated from faeces of five healthy and five allergic infants. Mixtures of bacterial isolates and bacteria adhering to Caco-2 cells were characterised qualitatively with PCR-DGGE, and quantitavely with FISH. Concentration of BCM7 in breast milk and infant formulae was 1.6 to 8.9 times higher after enzymatic hydrolysis in comparison to undigested samples. The presence of this peptide resulted in alteration of intestinal epithelial proliferation and increase in secretion of IL-8. The quantitative profile of adherred bacteria applied as a mix of all isolates from healthy infants (H-MIX) was unchanged in the presence of HM hydrolysate and was modulated (increased number of beneficial Bifidobacterium and reduced commensal Enterobacteriaceae) in the presence of all IF hydrolysates. The presence of IF hydrolysates affected the profile of adhering isolates obtained from allergic infants (A-MIX) and reduced the adhesion of Enterobacteriaceae; the IF2 and IF3 hydrolysates decreased also the total number of adhering bacteria (TBN). However, a stimulating effect of AM hydrolysate on A-MIX adhesion (increased TBN) was observed.

Keywords: Bacterial adhesion; Breast milk; Food allergy; Infant formula; β-casomorphin-7.