Collagenous colitis: Requirement for high-dose budesonide as maintenance treatment

Abstract

Background: Controlled studies show high efficacy of budesonide in inducing short-term clinical remission in collagenous colitis (CC), but relapses are common after its withdrawal.

Aim: To evaluate the need for high-dose budesonide (≥6mg/d) to maintain clinical remission in CC.

Methods: Analysis of a multicentre retrospective cohort of 75 patients with CC (62.3±1.5years; 85% women) treated with budesonide in a clinical practice setting between 2013 and 2015. Frequency of budesonide (9mg/d) refractoriness and safety, and the need for high-dose budesonide to maintain clinical remission, were evaluated. Drugs used as budesonide-sparing, including azathioprine and mercaptopurine, were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the need for high-dose budesonide (≥6mg/d) to maintain clinical remission.

Results: Budesonide induced clinical remission in 92% of patients, with good tolerance. Fourteen of 68 patients (21%; 95% CI, 13-32%) needed high-dose budesonide to maintain remission. Only intake of NSAIDs at diagnosis (OR, 8.6; 95% CI, 1.6-44) was associated with the need for high-dose budesonide in the multivariate analysis.

Treatment: with thiopurines was effective in 5 out of 6 patients (83%; 95% CI, 44-97%), allowing for withdrawal from or a dose decrease of budesonide.

Conclusions: One fifth of CC patients, especially those with NSAID intake at diagnosis, require high-dose budesonide (≥6mg/d) to maintain clinical remission. In this setting, thiopurines might be effective as budesonide-sparing drugs.

Keywords: Azathioprine; Budesonide; Collagenous colitis; Maintenance therapy.