A Case of Trigger-Point Injection-Induced Hypokalemic Paralysis

Am J Case Rep. 2017 Apr 26:18:454-457. doi: 10.12659/ajcr.903139.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Trigger-point injection (TPI) therapy is an effective modality for symptomatic treatment of myofascial pain. Serious adverse effects are rarely observed. In this report, we present the case of a 39-year-old man who experienced severe, transient hypokalemic paralysis in the context of TPI therapy with methylprednisolone, bupivacaine, and epinephrine. He was successfully treated with electrolyte replacement in a closely monitored setting. CASE REPORT A 39-year-old man with no past medical history except for chronic left hip pain from a work-related injury received a TPI with methylprednisolone and bupivacaine. The TPI targeted the left iliopsoas tendon and was administered using ultrasound guidance. There were no immediately perceived complications, but within 12 h he presented with severe hypokalemic paralysis with a serum potassium 1.7 mmol/L. Judicious potassium repletion was initiated. Repeated tests after 6 h consistently showed normal potassium levels of 4.5 mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS Severe hypokalemic paralysis in the context of trigger-point injection is an incredibly rare occurrence and this is the first case report in English literature. A high index of clinical suspicion and a systematic approach are therefore required for prompt diagnosis and management of this obscure iatrogenic entity. Clinicians can enhance patient safety by allowing the primary pathology to guide them.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
  • Anesthetics, Local / adverse effects*
  • Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
  • Bupivacaine / adverse effects
  • Glucocorticoids / administration & dosage
  • Glucocorticoids / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Hypokalemia / chemically induced*
  • Hypokalemia / complications
  • Injections, Intramuscular
  • Male
  • Methylprednisolone / administration & dosage
  • Methylprednisolone / adverse effects
  • Myofascial Pain Syndromes / drug therapy
  • Paralysis / etiology*
  • Trigger Points*

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Methylprednisolone
  • Bupivacaine