Cochrane Corner: Antihypertensive efficacy of beta-1 selective beta blockers for primary hypertension

Abstract

Beta blockers are commonly used to treat hypertension. This Cochrane systematic review assessed the effect of beta-1 selective beta blockers on blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure (PP), heart rate (HR) and withdrawal due to adverse effects in patients with primary hypertension. Fifty-six randomized placebo-controlled trials were included, with a total of 7812 patients. These drugs reduced systolic/diastolic BP by 10/8 mmHg, PP by 2 mmHg and HR by 11 bpm; no difference was found between treatment and placebo regarding withdrawal due to adverse effects. Differences in efficacy were observed between the various beta-1 selective beta blockers, which may be due to methodological differences in the trials. The choice of an antihypertensive drug should take into account not only its efficacy in reducing BP but also its tolerability, its efficacy in preventing cardiovascular events, and other factors such as undesirable metabolic effects.

Keywords: Betabloqueadores; Beta‐adrenergic antagonists; Blood pressure; Hipertensão; Hypertension; Pressão arterial.