Gellan gum based physical hydrogels incorporating highly valuable endogen molecules and associating BMP-2 as bone formation platforms

Abstract

Physical hydrogels have been designed for a double purpose: as growth factor delivery systems and as scaffolds to support cell colonization and formation of new bone. Specifically, the polysaccharide gellan gum and the ubiquitous endogenous molecules chondroitin, albumin and spermidine have been used as exclusive components of these hydrogels. The mild ionotropic gelation technique was used to preserve the bioactivity of the selected growth factor, rhBMP-2. In vitro tests demonstrated the effective delivery of rhBMP-2 in its bioactive form. In vivo experiments performed in the muscle tissue of Wistar rats provided a proof of concept of the ability of the developed platforms to elicit new bone formation. Furthermore, this biological effect was better than that of a commercial formulation currently used for regenerative purposes, confirming the potential of these hydrogels as new and innovative growth factor delivery platforms and scaffolds for regenerative medicine applications.

Keywords: Drug delivery; Growth factors; Hydrogel; Regenerative medicine; Scaffold.