Survey results showed treponemal infection among pet macaques in Southeast Asia, a region with a high prevalence of human yaws. This finding, along with studies showing treponemal infection in nonhuman primates in Africa, should encourage a One Health approach to yaws eradication and surveillance activities, possibly including monitoring of nonhuman primates in yaws-endemic regions.
Keywords: Asia; Indonesia; Macaca spp.; One Health; Southeast Asia; Sulawesi; Treponema pallidum; Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue; bacteria; eradication; macaques; mammalian host reservoirs; nonhuman primates; nontreponemal; pets; surveillance; yaws.