Cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in women at risk for gestational diabetes

Abstract

This study examined the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women at risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The participants were 39 women planning pregnancy with a history of GDM and/or BMI >29 kg/m² . We assessed CRF by measuring maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max ) during incremental cycle ergometer exercise until voluntary fatigue. LTPA was self-reported, and HRQoL assessed with the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). The mean (SD) VO_2max was 27 (6) mL·kg^-1 ·min^-1 , and the mean LTPA was 2.6 (1.7) h/wk. After controlling for BMI, VO_2max was positively associated with the SF-36 General Health scale (β 1.27, 95% CI: 0.09, 2.44, P=.035) and the Physical Component Summary (β 0.48, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.82, P=.007). The General Health scale (P=.023) and the Physical Component Summary (P=.011) differed even between those with very poor and poor CRF. After controlling for BMI, LTPA was positively associated with the SF-36 Physical Functioning scale (r_s =.34, P=.039), the General Health scale (β 3.74, 95% CI: 0.64, 6.84, P=.020), and the Physical Component Summary (β 1.13 95% CI: 0.19, 2.06, P=.020). To conclude, CRF and LTPA were positively associated with perceived general health and physical well-being in women planning pregnancy and at risk for GDM. Even a slightly better CRF would be beneficial for well-being among women with low levels of CRF.

Keywords: female; maximal oxygen uptake; physical activity; quality of life; self-rated health.