Age Estimation Based on a Radiographic Study of the Growing Foot

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2017 Mar;107(2):106-111. doi: 10.7547/15-163.

Abstract

Background: We sought to determine a predictive model of data, differentiated by sex, from a radiographic study of the skeleton of the foot as an alternative to the classic study of the hand.

Methods: The study included 2,476 digital radiographs from 816 participants aged 0 to 21 years. The radiographs were from the Radiology Diagnostic Services of the Public Health System of Extremadura (Spain) from 2007 to 2011. The method used for their analysis consisted of assigning a numerical code to each ossification center of each growing bone of the foot and subsequently subjecting the data to a multivariate, decision tree, statistical analysis.

Results: The decision tree study identified the bones that have a common age-dependent pattern of growth (as determined by a comparison of means test with P < .01) among individuals of the same sex. The quality of the decision tree predictions was evaluated in terms of the r 2 coefficient. These values were r2 = 0.897 for females and r2 = 0.890 for males, thus establishing the predictive goodness of the model of bone data to provide a specific estimate of the individual's age.

Conclusions: The foot is a good predictor of an individual's age from birth to complete bone maturity.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Determination by Skeleton / methods*
  • Age Factors
  • Bone Development / physiology*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cohort Studies
  • Decision Trees
  • Female
  • Foot / growth & development*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Radiography / methods*
  • Sex Factors
  • Spain
  • Young Adult