Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

J Vis Exp. 2017 Mar 8:(121):55330. doi: 10.3791/55330.

Abstract

Mechanosensitive cell surface adhesion complexes allow cells to sense the mechanical properties of their surroundings. Recent studies have identified both force-sensing molecules at adhesion sites, and force-dependent transcription factors that regulate lineage-specific gene expression and drive phenotypic outputs. However, the signaling networks converting mechanical tension into biochemical pathways have remained elusive. To explore the signaling pathways engaged upon mechanical tension applied to cell surface receptor, superparamagnetic microbeads can be used. Here we present a protocol for using magnetic beads to apply forces to cell surface adhesion proteins. Using this approach, it is possible to investigate not only force-dependent cytoplasmic signaling pathways by various biochemical approaches, but also adhesion remodeling by magnetic isolation of adhesion complexes attached to the ligand-coated beads. This protocol includes the preparation of ligand-coated superparamagnetic beads, and the application of define tensile forces followed by biochemical analyses. Additionally, we provide a representative sample of data demonstrating that tension applied to integrin-based adhesion triggers adhesion remodeling and alters protein tyrosine phosphorylation.

Publication types

  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Cell Adhesion / physiology*
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Magnets*
  • Phosphorylation
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Stress, Mechanical*

Substances

  • Receptors, Cell Surface