Objective: To investigate the prevalence of breast and gynecological diseases in female workers in the administrative office and workshop of an automobile part factory, and to provide a basis for promoting the health of female workers. Methods: In March 2015, color ultrasound examination of the breast, uterus, and bilateral adnexa was performed for all female workers, and routine gynecological examination, routine leucorrhea examination, and thinprep liquid-based cytology test were performed for married female workers. The detection rates of breast and gynecological diseases in female workers in the administrative office and workshop were analyzed. Results: In the 314 female workers, the overall detection rate of breast and gynecological diseases was 86.31%; the detection rate of abnormal breast ultrasound results was 72.93%, mainly breast hyperplasia; the detection rate of abnormal gynecological ultrasound results was 12.14%, mainly hysteromyoma, pelvic effusion, and uterus-rectum fossa effusion. The overall detection rate of cervicitis or vaginitis in married female workers was 66.86%. The univariate analysis showed that compared with those in the administrative office, the female workers in the workshop had significantly higher detection rates of breast hyperplasia and grade 2 breast lesions on the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) and significantly lower detection rates of hysteromyoma and grade 3 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (all P <0.05) . The multivariate analysis showed that age was a risk factor for hysteromyoma (OR=1.261) , age and working in the workshop were risk factors for breast hyperplasia (OR=1.065 and 1.834) , married status was a protective factor against breast hyperplasia and grade 2 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (OR=0.334 and 0.450) , and working in workshop was a risk factor for grade 2 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (OR=1.890) and a protective factor against grade 3 breast lesions on the BI-RADS (OR=0.355) . Conclusion: Female workers in an automobile part factory have high prevalence rates of breast and gynecological diseases. Night shifts for female workers in the workshop should be reduced as much as possible, and female workers, especially those in the administrative office, should be guided to release pressure and take a balanced diet.
目的： 了解某厂行政女工和车间女工乳腺及妇科疾病检出情况，为促进女工健康提供依据。 方法： 于2015年3月，对该厂所有女工进行乳腺、子宫及双侧附件彩色B超检查，已婚女工进行妇科常规检查、白带常规和薄层液基细胞学检测，分析行政女工和车间女工乳腺及妇科疾病的检出情况。 结果： 314名女工的乳腺及妇科疾病总检出率为86.31%；乳腺B超异常检出率为72.93%，以乳腺增生为主；妇科B超异常检出率为12.14%，以子宫肌瘤、盆腔或子宫直肠窝积液为主；已婚女工宫颈炎及阴道炎的总检出率为66.86%。单因素分析结果显示，车间女工乳腺增生及超声乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）2级乳腺病灶的检出率高于行政女工，子宫肌瘤、超声BI-RADS 3级乳腺病灶的检出率低于行政女工，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；多因素分析结果显示，年龄为子宫肌瘤的危险因素（OR=1.261），年龄、车间职工为乳腺增生的危险因素（OR=1.065、1.834），已婚为乳腺增生、BI-RADS 2级乳腺病灶的保护因素（OR=0.334、0.450），车间职工为BI-RADS 2级乳腺病灶的危险因素（OR=1.890）、BI-RADS 3级病灶的保护因素（OR=0.355）。 结论： 该汽配厂女工乳腺及妇科疾病检出率较高，应尽量减少车间女工夜班工作，积极引导职工尤其行政女工正确释放压力、平衡膳食。.
Keywords: Breast diseases; Executive female staffs; Genital diseases, female; Workers in the workshop.