Investigating time-efficiency of forward masking paradigms for estimating basilar membrane input-output characteristics

PLoS One. 2017 Mar 29;12(3):e0174776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174776. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

It is well known that pure-tone audiometry does not sufficiently describe individual hearing loss (HL) and that additional measures beyond pure-tone sensitivity might improve the diagnostics of hearing deficits. Specifically, forward masking experiments to estimate basilar-membrane (BM) input-output (I/O) function have been proposed. However, such measures are very time consuming. The present study investigated possible modifications of the temporal masking curve (TMC) paradigm to improve time and measurement efficiency. In experiment 1, estimates of knee point (KP) and compression ratio (CR) of individual BM I/Os were derived without considering the corresponding individual "off-frequency" TMC. While accurate estimation of KPs was possible, it is difficult to ensure that the tested dynamic range is sufficient. Therefore, in experiment 2, a TMC-based paradigm, referred to as the "gap method", was tested. In contrast to the standard TMC paradigm, the maker level was kept fixed and the "gap threshold" was obtained, such that the masker just masks a low-level (12 dB sensation level) signal. It is argued that this modification allows for better control of the tested stimulus level range, which appears to be the main drawback of the conventional TMC method. The results from the present study were consistent with the literature when estimating KP levels, but showed some limitations regarding the estimation of the CR values. Perspectives and limitations of both approaches are discussed.

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation / methods
  • Adult
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone / methods*
  • Auditory Threshold
  • Basilar Membrane / physiology
  • Basilar Membrane / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / diagnosis
  • Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Perceptual Masking / physiology*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Time Factors

Grants and funding

Author MF received a stipend from the Technical University of Denmark. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Widex A/S provided support in the form of salaries for authors [MLJ], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.