Reproductive Disorders in Snakes

Nicola Di Girolamo; Paolo Selleri

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2016.11.007

Reproductive Disorders in Snakes

Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2017 May;20(2):391-409. doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.11.007.

Authors

Nicola Di Girolamo¹, Paolo Selleri²

Affiliations

¹ Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome 00137, Italy.
² Clinica per Animali Esotici, Centro Veterinario Specialistico, Via Sandro Giovannini 53, Rome 00137, Italy. Electronic address: paolsell@gmail.com.

PMID: 28340887
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.11.007

Abstract

Reproduction of snakes is one of the challenging aspects of herpetology medicine. Due to the complexity of reproduction, several disorders may present before, during, or after this process. This article describes the physical examination, and radiographic, ultrasonographic, and endoscopic findings associated with reproductive disorders in snakes. Surgical techniques used to resolve reproductive disorders in snakes are described. Finally, common reproductive disorders in snakes are individually discussed.

Keywords: Dystocia; Ophidians; Reptiles; Squamate; Surgery.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Female
Male
Ovary / diagnostic imaging
Oviposition
Pregnancy
Snakes / physiology*
Testis / diagnostic imaging
Viviparity, Nonmammalian