Targeting Lyn regulates Snail family shuttling and inhibits metastasis

Oncogene. 2017 Jul 13;36(28):3964-3975. doi: 10.1038/onc.2017.5. Epub 2017 Mar 13.

Abstract

The acquisition of an invasive phenotype by epithelial cells occurs through a loss of cellular adhesion and polarity, heralding a multistep process that leads to metastatic dissemination. Since its characterization in 1995, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been closely linked to the metastatic process. As a defining aspect of EMT, loss of cell adhesion through downregulation of E-cadherin is carried out by several transcriptional repressors; key among them the SNAI family of transcription factors. Here we identify for the first time that Lyn kinase functions as a key modulator of SNAI family protein localization and stability through control of the Vav-Rac1-PAK1 (Vav-Rac1-p21-activated kinase) pathway. Accordingly, targeting Lyn in vitro reduces EMT and in vivo reduces metastasis of primary tumors. We also demonstrate the clinical relevance of targeting Lyn as a key player controlling EMT; patient samples across many cancers revealed a strong negative correlation between Lyn and E-cadherin, and high Lyn expression in metastatic tumors as well as metastasis-prone primary tumors. This work reveals a novel pancancer mechanism of Lyn-dependent control of EMT and further underscores the role of this kinase in tumor progression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / drug effects
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / genetics
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / prevention & control*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Protein Transport / drug effects
  • Protein Transport / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology*
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
  • src-Family Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • src-Family Kinases / genetics*

Substances

  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Snail Family Transcription Factors
  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases

Grants and funding