Mechanistic Investigation of Bis(imino)pyridine Manganese Catalyzed Carbonyl and Carboxylate Hydrosilylation

Tufan K Mukhopadhyay; Christopher L Rock; Mannkyu Hong; Daniel C Ashley; Thomas L Groy; Mu-Hyun Baik; Ryan J Trovitch

doi:10.1021/jacs.7b00879

Mechanistic Investigation of Bis(imino)pyridine Manganese Catalyzed Carbonyl and Carboxylate Hydrosilylation

J Am Chem Soc. 2017 Apr 5;139(13):4901-4915. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b00879. Epub 2017 Mar 27.

Authors

Tufan K Mukhopadhyay¹, Christopher L Rock¹, Mannkyu Hong^{2

3}, Daniel C Ashley⁴, Thomas L Groy¹, Mu-Hyun Baik^{2

3}, Ryan J Trovitch¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
² Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
³ Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.

PMID: 28282136
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00879

Abstract

We recently reported a bis(imino)pyridine (or pyridine diimine, PDI) manganese precatalyst, (^Ph2PPrPDI)Mn (1), that is active for the hydrosilylation of ketones and dihydrosilylation of esters. In this contribution, we reveal an expanded scope for 1-mediated hydrosilylation and propose two different mechanisms through which catalysis is achieved. Aldehyde hydrosilylation turnover frequencies (TOFs) of up to 4900 min^-1 have been realized, the highest reported for first row metal-catalyzed carbonyl hydrosilylation. Additionally, 1 has been shown to mediate formate dihydrosilylation with leading TOFs of up to 330 min^-1. Under stoichiometric and catalytic conditions, addition of PhSiH₃ to (^Ph2PPrPDI)Mn was found to result in partial conversion to a new diamagnetic hydride compound. Independent preparation of (^Ph2PPrPDI)MnH (2) was achieved upon adding NaEt₃BH to (^Ph2PPrPDI)MnCl₂ and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed this complex to possess a capped trigonal bipyramidal solid-state geometry. When 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone was added to 1, radical transfer yielded (^Ph2PPrPDI·)Mn(OC·(Ph)(CF₃)) (3), which undergoes intermolecular C-C bond formation to produce the respective Mn(II) dimer, [(μ-O,N_py-4-OC(CF₃)(Ph)-4-H-^Ph2PPrPDI)Mn]₂ (4). Upon finding 3 to be inefficient and 4 to be inactive, kinetic trials were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of 1- and 2-mediated hydrosilylation. Varying the concentration of 1, substrate, and PhSiH₃ revealed a first order dependence on each reagent. Furthermore, a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of 2.2 ± 0.1 was observed for 1-catalyzed hydrosilylation of diisopropyl ketone, while a KIE of 4.2 ± 0.6 was determined using 2, suggesting 1 and 2 operate through different mechanisms. Although kinetic trials reveal 1 to be the more active precatalyst for carbonyl hydrosilylation, a concurrent 2-mediated pathway is more efficient for carboxylate hydrosilylation. Considering these observations, 1-catalyzed hydrosilylation is believed to proceed through a modified Ojima mechanism, while 2-mediated hydrosilylation occurs via insertion.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't