Boosting Up Performance of Inverted Photovoltaic Cells from Bis(alkylthien-2-yl)dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']benzo[1,2-b:4',5'-b']di thiophene-Based Copolymers by Advantageous Vertical Phase Separation

Pengzhi Guo; Guoping Luo; Qiang Su; Jianfeng Li; Peng Zhang; Junfeng Tong; Chunyan Yang; Yangjun Xia; Hongbin Wu

doi:10.1021/acsami.6b15436

Boosting Up Performance of Inverted Photovoltaic Cells from Bis(alkylthien-2-yl)dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']benzo[1,2-b:4',5'-b']di thiophene-Based Copolymers by Advantageous Vertical Phase Separation

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017 Mar 29;9(12):10937-10945. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b15436. Epub 2017 Mar 20.

Authors

Pengzhi Guo¹, Guoping Luo², Qiang Su¹, Jianfeng Li¹, Peng Zhang¹, Junfeng Tong¹, Chunyan Yang¹, Yangjun Xia^{1

3}, Hongbin Wu²

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China.
² Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
³ Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106-5090 United States.

PMID: 28276681
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15436

Abstract

The photovoltaic cells (PVCs) from conjugated copolymers of PDTBDT-BT and PDTBDT-FBT with 5,10-bis(4,5-didecylthien-2-yl)dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene as electron donor moieties and benzothiadiazole and/or 5,6-difluorobenzothiadiazole as electron acceptor moieties are optimized by employing alcohol-soluble PFN (poly(9,9-bis(3'-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) as cathode modification interlayer. The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of inverted PVCs (i-PVCs) from PDTBDT-BT and PDTBDT-FBT with devices configuration as ITO/PFN/active layer/MoO₃/Ag are increased from 4.97% to 8.54% and 5.92% to 8.74%, in contrast to those for the regular PVCs (r-PVCs) with devices configuration as ITO/PEDOT:PSS/active layer/Ca/Al under 100 mW/cm² AM 1.5 illumination. The optical modeling calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations reveal that the r-PVCs and i-PVCs from the copolymers exhibit similar light harvesting characteristics, and the enhancements of the PCEs of the i-PVCs from the copolymers are mainly contributed to the favorable vertical phase separation as the strongly polymer-enriched top surface layers and slightly PC₇₁BM (phenyl-C₇₁-butyric acid methyl ester)-enriched bottom surface layers are correspondingly connected to the anodes and cathodes of the i-PVCs, while they are opposite in the r-PVCs. As we known, it is the first time to experimentally verify that the i-PVCs with alcohol-soluble conjugated polymers cathode modification layers enjoy favorable vertical phase separation.

Keywords: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; benzothiadiazole; dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene; optical modeling calculations; photovoltaic cells; vertical phase separation.