Sexual orientation and suicidal behaviour in adolescents and young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

Br J Psychiatry. 2017 Aug;211(2):77-87. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.196345. Epub 2017 Mar 2.

Abstract

BackgroundResearch suggests that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adolescents have a higher risk of suicidal behaviours than their heterosexual peers, but little is known about specific risk factors.AimsTo assess sexual orientation as a risk factor for suicidal behaviours, and to identify other risk factors among LGB adolescents and young adults.MethodA systematic search was made of six databases up to June 2015, including a grey literature search. Population-based longitudinal studies considering non-clinical populations aged 12-26 years and assessing being LGB as a risk factor for suicidal behaviour compared with being heterosexual, or evaluating risk factors for suicidal behaviour within LGB populations, were included. Random effect models were used in meta-analysis.ResultsSexual orientation was significantly associated with suicide attempts in adolescents and youths (OR = 2.26, 95% CI 1.60-3.20). Gay or bisexual men were more likely to report suicide attempts compared with heterosexual men (OR = 2.21, 95% CI 1.21-4.04). Based on two studies, a non-significant positive association was found between depression and suicide attempts in LGB groups.ConclusionsSexual orientation is associated with a higher risk of suicide attempt in young people. Further research is needed to assess completed suicide, and specific risk factors affecting the LGB population.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Risk Factors
  • Sexual Behavior*
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities / psychology*
  • Suicidal Ideation*
  • Suicide, Attempted / psychology*