Antidiabetic Effects of Aqueous and Dichloromethane/Methanol Stem Bark Extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (Papilionaceae) on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Marie Claire Tchamadeu; Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet; Nelly Blaes; Jean-Pierre Girolami; Pierre Kamtchouing; Théophile Dimo

doi:10.4103/0974-8490.199767

Antidiabetic Effects of Aqueous and Dichloromethane/Methanol Stem Bark Extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (Papilionaceae) on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Pharmacognosy Res. 2017 Jan-Mar;9(1):80-86. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.199767.

Authors

Marie Claire Tchamadeu¹, Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet², Nelly Blaes³, Jean-Pierre Girolami³, Pierre Kamtchouing², Théophile Dimo²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal Biology Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, 24157, Douala, Cameroon; Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, 812, Yaounde, Cameroon; INSERM, U1048, I2MC Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular diseases, University of Toulouse III, F31432, Toulouse, France.
² Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
³ INSERM, U1048, I2MC Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular diseases, University of Toulouse III, F31432, Toulouse, France.

Abstract

Aim of the study: The aim is to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects of aqueous and CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH stem bark extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub in normal and diabetic rats.

Materials and methods: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and normal adult Wistar rats were orally administered with aqueous and CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH plant extracts of P. soyauxii at various doses (38-300 mg/kg) in a single administration. In addition, STZ-induced diabetic rats received prolonged daily administration for 14 days. Glibenclamide (GB) (10 mg/kg) was used as reference treatment. In acute test, fasting blood glucose was followed for 5 h. In subacute test, body weight, food and water intakes, and blood glucose were followed weekly and serum biochemical parameters evaluated after 14 days treatment.

Results: Acute administration of aqueous and CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH stem bark extracts moderately decreased fasting blood glucose compared to GB, significantly in normal rats (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01) but, as GB, not significantly in diabetic rats. Prolonged treatments in diabetic rats with aqueous and CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH extracts reduced blood glucose to an extent, respectively, superior or similar to GB. Moreover, P. soyauxii also significantly (P < 0.01) reduced weight loss, and diabetes increased serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and transaminases (alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase) elevations.

Conclusion: P. soyauxii Taub stem bark extracts have possible value for antidiabetic oral medication.

Summary: Aqueous and Dichloromethane/Methanol stem bark extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub have potent (compared to Glibenclamide) antidiabetic effects in STZ-diabetic rats, with specific kinetics and dose-responses.Moderate hypoglycemia effects upon acute P. soyauxii administration.Potent anti-hyperglycemic effects of sub-acute P. soyauxii administration in STZ-diabetic rats.Potent anti-hyperlipidemic effects of sub-acute P. soyauxii administration in STZ-diabetic rats.Improved hepatic and renal serum parameters after sub-acute P. soyauxii administration in STZ-diabetic rats.P. soyauxii extracts may be useful for oral treatment of diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Abbreviations Used: CH2Cl2/CH3OH: Dichloromethane/Methanol; STZ: Streptozotocin; GB: Glibenclamide; AE: Aqueous extract; OE: Organic extract; FeCl3: Iron (III) chloride; NaCl: Sodium chloride; K3Fe(CN)6: Potassium ferricyanide; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; H: Hour; BW: Body weight, W1 and W2: Weeks 1 and 2; CHOD: Cholesterol oxidase; GPO: Glycerol-3 Phosphate oxidase; PAP: Phenol + Aminophenazone.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemic; Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub; diabetes mellitus; phytotherapy; rats; streptozotocin.