Identification of Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Polymerase Complex

J Med Chem. 2017 Mar 23;60(6):2305-2325. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01568. Epub 2017 Mar 13.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) represents a threat to infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. RSV entry blockers are in clinical trials, but escape mutations challenge their potential. In search of RSV inhibitors, we have integrated a signature resistance mutation into a recombinant RSV virus and applied the strain to high-throughput screening. Counterscreening of candidates returned 14 confirmed hits with activities in the nano- to low-micromolar range. All blocked RSV polymerase activity in minigenome assays. Compound 1a (GRP-74915) was selected for development based on activity (EC50 = 0.21 μM, selectivity index (SI) 40) and scaffold. Resynthesis confirmed the potency of the compound, which suppressed viral RNA synthesis in infected cells. However, metabolic testing revealed a short half-life in the presence of mouse hepatocyte fractions. Metabolite tracking and chemical elaboration combined with 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling yielded analogues (i.e., 8n: EC50 = 0.06 μM, SI 500) that establish a platform for the development of a therapeutic candidate.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry*
  • Antiviral Agents / metabolism
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / metabolism
  • Drug Design*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / metabolism
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / drug therapy*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / virology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / drug effects*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / enzymology*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / metabolism
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry
  • Small Molecule Libraries / metabolism
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology
  • Viral Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Viral Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Viral Proteins
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases