Large multi-centre pilot randomized controlled trial testing a low-cost, tailored, self-help smoking cessation text message intervention for pregnant smokers (MiQuit)

Felix Naughton; Sue Cooper; Katharine Foster; Joanne Emery; Jo Leonardi-Bee; Stephen Sutton; Matthew Jones; Michael Ussher; Rachel Whitemore; Matthew Leighton; Alan Montgomery; Steve Parrott; Tim Coleman

doi:10.1111/add.13802

Large multi-centre pilot randomized controlled trial testing a low-cost, tailored, self-help smoking cessation text message intervention for pregnant smokers (MiQuit)

Addiction. 2017 Jul;112(7):1238-1249. doi: 10.1111/add.13802. Epub 2017 May 2.

Authors

Felix Naughton^{1

2}, Sue Cooper^{3

2}, Katharine Foster^{3

2}, Joanne Emery^{4

2}, Jo Leonardi-Bee^{5

2}, Stephen Sutton^{4

2}, Matthew Jones^{3

2}, Michael Ussher^{6

2}, Rachel Whitemore^{3

2}, Matthew Leighton⁷, Alan Montgomery⁷, Steve Parrott^{8

2}, Tim Coleman^{3

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
² UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
³ Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
⁴ Behavioural Science Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
⁵ Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
⁶ Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.
⁷ Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
⁸ Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.

Abstract

Aims: To estimate the effectiveness of pregnancy smoking cessation support delivered by short message service (SMS) text message and key parameters needed to plan a definitive trial.

Design: Multi-centre, parallel-group, single-blinded, individual randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Sixteen antenatal clinics in England.

Participants: Four hundred and seven participants were randomized to the intervention (n = 203) or usual care (n = 204). Eligible women were < 25 weeks gestation, smoked at least one daily cigarette (> 5 pre-pregnancy), were able to receive and understand English SMS texts and were not already using text-based cessation support.

Intervention: All participants received a smoking cessation leaflet; intervention participants also received a 12-week programme of individually tailored, automated, interactive, self-help smoking cessation text messages (MiQuit).

Outcome measurements: Seven smoking outcomes, including validated continuous abstinence from 4 weeks post-randomization until 36 weeks gestation, design parameters for a future trial and cost-per-quitter.

Findings: Using the validated, continuous abstinence outcome, 5.4% (11 of 203) of MiQuit participants were abstinent versus 2.0% (four of 204) of usual care participants [odds ratio (OR) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.93-9.35]. The Bayes factor for this outcome was 2.23. Completeness of follow-up at 36 weeks gestation was similar in both groups; provision of self-report smoking data was 64% (MiQuit) and 65% (usual care) and abstinence validation rates were 56% (MiQuit) and 61% (usual care). The incremental cost-per-quitter was £133.53 (95% CI = -£395.78 to 843.62).

Conclusions: There was some evidence, although not conclusive, that a text-messaging programme may increase cessation rates in pregnant smokers when provided alongside routine NHS cessation care.

Keywords: SMS text messaging; mHealth; pregnancy; randomized controlled trial; self-help; smoking cessation.

Publication types

Multicenter Study
Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Bayes Theorem
England
Female
Health Behavior
Humans
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Pilot Projects
Pregnancy
Program Evaluation / methods*
Self Care / methods*
Self Care / statistics & numerical data
Single-Blind Method
Smokers
Smoking / therapy
Smoking Cessation / methods*
Smoking Cessation / statistics & numerical data
Text Messaging*
Young Adult

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding