Requirement of the CroRS Two-Component System for Resistance to Cell Wall-Targeting Antimicrobials in Enterococcus faecium

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Apr 24;61(5):e02461-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02461-16. Print 2017 May.

Abstract

Enterococci are serious opportunistic pathogens that are resistant to many cell wall-targeting antibiotics. The CroRS two-component signaling system responds to antibiotic-mediated cell wall stress and is critical for resistance to cell wall-targeting antibiotics in Enterococcus faecalis Here, we identify and characterize an orthologous two-component system found in Enterococcus faecium that is functionally equivalent to the CroRS system of E. faecalis Deletion of croRS in E. faecium resulted in marked susceptibility to cell wall-targeting agents including cephalosporins and bacitracin, as well as moderate susceptibility to ampicillin and vancomycin. As in E. faecalis, exposure to bacitracin and vancomycin stimulates signaling through the CroRS system in E. faecium Moreover, the CroRS system is critical in E. faecium for enhanced beta-lactam resistance mediated by overexpression of Pbp5. Expression of a Pbp5 variant that confers enhanced beta-lactam resistance cannot overcome the requirement for CroRS function. Thus, the CroRS system is a conserved signaling system that responds to cell wall stress to promote intrinsic resistance to important cell wall-targeting antibiotics in clinically relevant enterococci.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance; enterococcus; two-component regulatory systems.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Ampicillin / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacitracin / pharmacology
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
  • Cell Wall / drug effects*
  • Cephalosporins / pharmacology
  • Enterococcus faecalis / drug effects
  • Enterococcus faecalis / genetics*
  • Enterococcus faecalis / metabolism
  • Enterococcus faecium / drug effects*
  • Enterococcus faecium / genetics*
  • Enterococcus faecium / metabolism
  • Gene Deletion
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Protein Kinases / genetics*
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Trans-Activators / genetics*
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology
  • beta-Lactam Resistance / genetics*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Cephalosporins
  • Trans-Activators
  • Bacitracin
  • Vancomycin
  • Ampicillin
  • Protein Kinases