Structure of a LOV protein in apo-state and implications for construction of LOV-based optical tools

Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 17:7:42971. doi: 10.1038/srep42971.

Abstract

Unique features of Light-Oxygen-Voltage (LOV) proteins like relatively small size (~12-19 kDa), inherent modularity, highly-tunable photocycle and oxygen-independent fluorescence have lately been exploited for the generation of optical tools. Structures of LOV domains reported so far contain a flavin chromophore per protein molecule. Here we report two new findings on the short LOV protein W619_1-LOV from Pseudomonas putida. First, the apo-state crystal structure of W619_1-LOV at 2.5 Å resolution reveals conformational rearrangements in the secondary structure elements lining the chromophore pocket including elongation of the Fα helix, shortening of the Eα-Fα loop and partial unfolding of the Eα helix. Second, the apo W619_1-LOV protein binds both natural and structurally modified flavin chromophores. Remarkably different photophysical and photochemical properties of W619_1-LOV bound to 7-methyl-8-chloro-riboflavin (8-Cl-RF) and lumichrome imply application of these variants as novel optical tools as they offer advantages such as no adduct state formation, and a broader choice of wavelengths for in vitro studies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry*
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Binding Sites
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Flavin Mononucleotide / chemistry
  • Flavin Mononucleotide / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Pseudomonas putida / metabolism*
  • Recombinant Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Flavin Mononucleotide