Exposure to cadmium during in vitro maturation at environmental nanomolar levels impairs oocyte fertilization through oxidative damage: A large animal model study

Reprod Toxicol. 2017 Apr:69:132-145. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.005. Epub 2017 Feb 7.

Abstract

Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal with negative effects on oocyte fertilization. The aim of this study was to analyse whether cadmium-induced impairment of fertilization is caused by mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress in the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). Preliminarily, 19 trace element levels were measured in ovaries from juvenile and adult ewes and age-related cadmium ovarian bioaccumulation at nanomolar concentrations was found. COCs from juvenile and adult ewes, exposed during in vitro maturation to 1nM or 100nM CdCl2, and subjected to in vitro fertilization showed significantly lower fertilization rates in exposed COCs compared with controls. In vitro matured exposed and control COCs underwent confocal microscopy analysis of mitochondria activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay at cumulus cell and oocyte level. In both age groups, cadmium at nanomolar concentrations induced cumulus-oocyte mitochondria over-activity and oxidative damage which were related to impaired oocyte fertilization.

Keywords: Cadmium ovarian bioaccumulation; Confocal laser scanning microscopy; IVM/IVF; Intracellular ROS levels; Lipid peroxidation; Mitochondria activity; Ovine oocyte; Trace elements.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cadmium / toxicity*
  • Female
  • Fertilization in Vitro / drug effects*
  • In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Models, Animal
  • Oocytes / drug effects*
  • Oocytes / growth & development
  • Oocytes / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Sheep

Substances

  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Cadmium