HIF1α in Tumorigenesis of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Anticancer Res. 2017 Feb;37(2):599-606. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.11353.

Abstract

Background: Tumor hypoxia induces hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), which can influence tumorigenesis and metastasis. We evaluated the expression of HIF1α and the effect of HIF1α inhibitors in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).

Materials and methods: HIF1α expression was demonstrated in ACC cell lines (ACC2 and ACCM). The effect of HIF1α inhibitors was evaluated. A systemic metastasis model was developed. The number of metastatic pulmonary nodules were analyzed.

Results: The ACCM cell line demonstrated greater HIF1α expression and invasion than ACC2. The expression of HIF1α and invasion of ACC cells were blocked by HIF1α siRNA. HIF1α inhibitors 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG) and echinomycin inhibited cell invasion. 17AAG inhibited metastasis in the animal model, although not statistically significantly.

Conclusion: HIF1α siRNA and 17AAG and echinomycin blocked invasion by ACC2 and ACCM cells. 17AAG exhibited therapeutic potential for inhibition of metastasis. Our results provide positive evidence that HIF1α is a promising research pathway for therapy of ACC.

Keywords: HIF1α; adenoid cystic carcinoma; animal model; invasion; metastasis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzoquinones / pharmacology
  • Blotting, Western
  • Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / genetics*
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / metabolism
  • Echinomycin / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / genetics*
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / metabolism
  • Lactams, Macrocyclic / pharmacology
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms / prevention & control
  • Lung Neoplasms / secondary
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • RNA Interference
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Benzoquinones
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
  • Lactams, Macrocyclic
  • tanespimycin
  • Echinomycin