Indoxyl Sulfate: A Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Chronic Kidney Disease

J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Feb 7;6(2):e005022. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.005022.

Szu-Chun Hung^{1

2}, Ko-Lin Kuo^{1

2}, Chih-Cheng Wu^{3

4}, Der-Cherng Tarng^{5

6}

¹ Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
² School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
³ Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
⁴ Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
⁵ Institutes of Physiology and Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan dctarng@vghtpe.gov.tw.
⁶ Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

No abstract available

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; chronic kidney disease; gut microbiota; indoxyl sulfate; uremic toxin.

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