Introduction: Exercise-induced apelin as a myokine is believed to play a role in the improvement of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and capillarization. In this study, we evaluated the association between exercise-induced apelin and muscle capillarization.
Methods: Zucker rats underwent a treadmill exercise program. Body composition, muscle strength, muscle size, muscle capillarization, and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment [HOMA-IR]) were measured. Apelin levels of skeletal muscle and plasma were then analyzed.
Results: Exercise improved body composition (P < 0.05), HOMA-IR (P < 0.05), and grip strength (P < 0.001). In the soleus, the fiber size of T2DM was decreased (P < 0.001), but it increased in fiber size and capillarization after exercise (P < 0.001) occurred. We identified an increase in plasma apelin (P < 0.05) and a decrease in soleus apelin (P < 0.01), as well as an association between soleus apelin and angiogenesis (P < 0.01).
Discussion: A role for exercise-induced apelin in improving metabolism indicates the possibility of a new drug target for the treatment of metabolic diseases and repairing skeletal muscle damage. Muscle Nerve 56: 1155-1163, 2017.
Keywords: exercise; metabolism; muscle capillarization; muscle fiber size; muscle strength; myokine.
© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.