Professor Kazimiera Milanowska is a rehabilitation physician and academic scholar of international renown. She has extensive expert knowledge and scientific achievements in the fields of medical rehabilitation and physical culture sciences. The aim of the present biographical study was to present the development of Prof. Kazimiera Milanowska's career. As Head of the Rehabilitation Department at the Medical Academy in Poznań, she delivered lectures on the clinical foundations of rehabilitation and theory and philosophy of modern rehabilitation as well as numerous courses on methods of musculoskeletal compensation and adaptation, muscle reeducation, and rehabilitation following peripheral neuron injury. Kazimiera Milanowska has published numerous papers and books (221). She was the pioneer of combined electromyographic and ergometric diagnostics in Poland.